Seed, the propagule peculiar to gymnosperms and angiosperms, which is formed by pollination and fertilization of ovules. Seeds are generally composed of three parts: seed coat, embryo and endosperm. Some mature seeds of plants only have two parts: seed coat and embryo. Seed formation enables young sporophytic ovules to be protected by the mother and nourished like a mammalian fetus. Seeds also have various structures suitable for spreading or resisting unfavorable conditions, creating favorable conditions for the continuation of the plant race. Therefore, in the process of plant phylogeny, seed plants can replace ferns to obtain the dominant position. The above are botanical seeds, not production seeds. Production seeds include not only the above botanical seeds, but also organs and artificial seeds that plants can use for reproduction.
Seeds are the reproductive system of seed plants and play an important role in the continuation of species. Seeds are closely related to human life. In addition to the grain, oil, and cotton necessary for daily life, some medicines (such as almonds), seasonings (such as pepper), and beverages (such as coffee and cocoa) all come from seeds. Plants, trees, flowers and plants are also reproduced from seeds. Many of the seeds are edible and are a delicious addition to the table.
Seeds are specific organs of seed plants whose main function is reproduction. The shape, size, color, surface texture, etc. of the seeds vary with different plant species. Seeds are often round, oval, kidney-shaped, oval, conical, polygonal, etc.
Sowing
1. Sowing time: it can be carried out according to the temperature of different areas where the plants grows, combined with the local meteorological data;
Generally, the suitable sowing period is from mid-September to late October, and the most suitable sowing period is mid-October. Sowing too early, on the one hand, high temperature and drought affect the emergence of seedlings, on the other hand, affected by high temperature and drought, the fleshy root bark is thick, poor quality, and low yield; too late sowing, seedling emergence, root growth, and yield are severely affected by low temperature, therefore, Sowing in mid-October after the rain is soaked, the emergence of seedlings is guaranteed, and it is easier to obtain high yields.
2. Sowing method: Sowing at the right time to improve land utilization.
Field management
1. Replenishing seedlings in time: Adhere to the principles of early thinning, sub-thinning, and late setting of seedlings, remove miscellaneous seedlings, weak seedlings, deformed seedlings, diseased and pest seedlings, and select varieties with leaf shapes, bright green colors, and stretched leaves. Petiole and fleshy pure seedlings and shape seedlings; if there are lack of seedlings, replant them in time, try to transplant with soil when replanting, to avoid bending of the seedlings. When setting the seedlings, leave 1 plant per pond.
2. Top dressing and watering: The correct use of fertilizer and water to balance the growth of the above-ground part and the underground part is the key to high yield.
In the management, topdressing is generally 2-3 times, and the fertilizer should be mainly organic fertilizer, and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be added. The first top dressing is in the "breaking belly" period, that is, the period of 5-6 true leaves. After the seedlings are set, 5-6 kg of urea is used per mu and watered to lay the material foundation for the later period of fleshy roots. "Head" stage, that is, when the fleshy root diameter is 1-1.5 cm thick.
Proper leaf trimming:
When fleshy roots grow out of the surface 1/3, trim leaves, generally leave 5-6 leaves per plant, and trim the remaining old leaves, diseased leaves, and damaged leaves to make green fodder.
Harvest:
When harvesting, remove the leaves and fibrous roots and wash them with clean water.
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