🥘 Recipe：
材料：(四人分量)
青木瓜1個 (約500克)
急凍螺頭１個 (約100克)
豬𦟌１隻 (約300克)
薑片４片
清水２公升
蛋白質補充劑4量匙
Ingredients：(4 person portion)
Green papaya 1 piece (about 500 g)
Frozen conch 1 piece (about 100 g)
Pork shank 1 piece (about 300 g)
Ginger 4 slices
Water 2L
Protein powder supplement 4 scoops
調味料：
鹽1/2茶匙
Seasoning：
Salt 1/2 tsp
做法：
燒熱水，下薑片，螺頭汆水，洗淨切厚片；豬𦟌洗淨汆水，備用。
青木瓜去皮去籽，切塊，備用。
燒熱水，加入薑片、螺頭、豬𦟌及青木瓜。水滾，轉慢火煲２小時，下鹽調味便成。
飲用前，每碗湯可拌入１量匙蛋白質補充劑。
Method：
Boil water, add ginger and blanch. Rinse and cut conch into thick slices. Blanch pork shank. Set aside.
Peel, remove seeds and cut green papaya into chunks. Set aside.
Boil water, add in ginger, conch, pork shank and green papaya. When water reboils again, turn to low heat and cook for 2 hours. Add salt to season. Ready to serve.
Before serving, add and mix well with 1 scoop of protein powder supplement for each bowl of soup.
營養分析：(每食用分量)
能量：200.5卡路里
蛋白質：29.4克
碳水化合物：14克
脂肪：2.9克
膳食纖維：2.1克
Nutrition analysis：(per serving)
Energy：200.5 kcal
Protein：29.4 g
Carbohydrates：14 g
Fat：2.9 g
Dietary fibre：2.1 g
營養學角度分析：
一般而言，湯料的營養成分都不容易溶入湯水中。如癌症病友只飲中式清湯水，只會增加營養不良的風險，所以記緊要注意飲湯時亦要吃湯渣。
營養較高而容易煲腍的湯料包括水果類如木瓜、蘋果，根莖類如青紅蘿蔔、南瓜及薯仔等。豬𦟌亦較瘦肉、排骨等容易煲腍。
中醫食療角度分析：
青木瓜：味酸，性溫。入肝、脾經。具有舒筋活絡、除濕和胃功效。可舒筋去濕，適合風濕筋骨疼痛、跌倒扭傷、腿部抽筋者，也可消食健胃，適合消化不良者；腹瀉、過敏體質不宜食用，孕婦忌用。
螺頭：味甘，性凉。入腎經。具有滋陰補腎、益氣健脾、養肝明目的功效。適合肝腎虧虛所致的眼睛乾澀、視物不清、失眠者；陽虛體質、海鮮過敏者不宜食用。
豬腱：味甘、鹹，性微寒。入脾、腎經。具有滋陰補腎、養血潤燥的功效。適合大便乾結、頭暈、乾咳等陰虛體質者，一般人可食用，但過多食用易生痰生濕；肥胖人群、陽虛體質、痰濕體質不適合長期食用。
薑片：味辛，性溫。入肺、脾、胃經。具有發汗解表、溫中止嘔、溫肺止咳的功效，且可以解魚蟹之毒。適合脾胃虛寒導致的嘔吐、腹脹、腹瀉者，也適合風寒感冒、寒性痛經、陽虛 (怕冷) 體質者食用；陰虛 (怕熱)、濕熱體質者不宜多服。
Importance of nutrition for cancer patients
Cancer patients need to take in adequate carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, dietary fiber and water by eating appropriate foods and portions. At different stages of cancer treatment, patients may have different needs:
1) Before treatment - Strengthen the body to increase the tolerance and effectiveness of treatment, including choosing a protein and calorie-rich menu;
2) During treatment - Different treatments can lead to different side effects, so meals should be prepared according to the patient's needs. For example, during chemotherapy, most patients have no appetite, and some even have dry mouth and difficulty chewing food. At this time, the patient should be provided with his favorite liquid or soft food (you can switch between Chinese and Western food from time to time). You can also add nutritious milk to the appropriate diet to prevent the patient from losing weight drastically; and
3) After the treatment is completed - now is the time to take supplementary food so that the patient can recover faster.
Cooking method
Change cooking methods frequently to increase appetite.
Since you are cooking it yourself and buying high-quality food, you don’t need to use too many seasonings to “marinate” it; you can even use no salt or use natural spices instead of salt and artificial seasonings.
But there is no need to be too extreme. If you don't use any seasoning and the taste is extremely light, the dish will become extremely bland. It will be even worse if the patient refuses to eat it at all.
Chinese people often like to use clear chicken soup when cooking. If you have time, you can make clear chicken soup yourself, which is more natural than buying it in the market.
Try to avoid frying as it will harden the food and make it difficult for the patient to eat. Food with too much oil will also be difficult to digest.
As Hong Kong people lead busy lives, sometimes they really cannot spend too much time to prepare several meals a day for cancer patients. Therefore, overall, there is no need to use overly complicated cooking methods. Delicious food can be cooked with simple and practical methods. For example, white sauce chicken rice, tofu seafood hotpot, etc.
In addition, sometimes the patient may suddenly feel "a little hungry" and want to eat, so food should be provided as soon as possible (because he may not want to eat again after a while). Therefore, you can always prepare some ready-made ingredients in the refrigerator so that they can be cooked in a very short time when needed. For example, there are frozen wontons and clear chicken soup ice cubes in the ice tray. Add some shrimp noodles and it will be a delicious bowl of wonton noodles.
Seasoning
Seasoning according to personal taste/need: In general when cooking we should avoid too greasy or too salty. But some cancer patients, for various reasons, may find strong-flavored foods more attractive;
You can also use vanilla, lemon juice, and pepper instead to give the taste a higher enjoyment without inhaling too much salt/sugar.
Since the patient's sense of taste may change, it is recommended to cook and marinate meat with more sugar, vinegar, lemon juice and vanilla to make the food more attractive.
If the patient/recoverer prefers to eat strong-flavored foods but does not want to inhale too much salt (especially many darker Chinese dishes), use low-salt seasonings (such as low-salt sauce/oyster sauce).
Degree of wettability
Food is suitable to choose some softer, while can be cut a little smaller, easy to chew and digest.
Examples: eggs, tofu, fish fillets, minced meat.
Generally, cancer patients are suitable for eating moister foods and can choose juicy dishes. Try to reduce the consumption of dry, hard and rough foods (but can be adjusted to the taste/ability of the patient/recoverer).
If the patient has dry mouth problems, can take juice candy, watermelon grains to help stimulate saliva secretion. Drinks such as lemon honey, chrysanthemum tea, sugarcane juice, and pomegranate juice also help reduce the feeling of dry mouth. However, if you eat too much sweets, you need to pay more attention to the health of your teeth. For example, "rinse your mouth" with clean water after eating.
From the perspective of TCM dietary therapy, you can try to brew some drinks and soups (winter melon and sage water, carrot and sugarcane root water, sand ginseng and jade bamboo lean meat soup) to quench your thirst.
It is important to keep your mouth moist; it is also important to absorb enough water; however, do not over-inhale fluids, otherwise you will not be able to absorb enough nutrients if you are full of water and have no appetite to eat.
Try to reduce (but not completely eliminate) foods that are not beneficial
Try to avoid eating foods that are not beneficial, such as sausage, fermented bean curd, and pickled mustard.
However, if the patient extremely prefers to eat a certain food, that can also be handled at discretion.
For example, a patient/recoverer very much likes to eat steamed meatballs with pickled vegetables, which is the most appetizing food for him, that can also be provided in moderation. Cut the usual portion of plums in half, wash out the saltiness of the plums as much as possible before cooking, and place the plums in the most conspicuous places on the meatloaf while steaming to provide maximum visual appeal. When eating also try to eat meatloaf, but eating a small amount of plum vegetables does not matter.
Because the long-term "no eating this, no eating that" is really frustrating. At the same time the patient/recoverer is likely to have a better appetite because he is happy to see his or her extremely favorite food.
Overall we hope that patients can eat more and absorb more nutrients to strengthen their bodies.
Tastes can vary
Cancer patients can become very strong due to treatment (e.g. chemotherapy) taste: what used to think was the best suddenly does not want to eat, e.g.
- used to like to eat seafood the most, suddenly felt that all seafood smells very fishy;
- I used to like to eat beef the most, but now I feel like a dishwashing cloth or smell of rust.
So caregivers should pay more attention. If the patient does not eat a bite after spending a lot of effort to cook a dish, there is no need to be frustrated. After all, it is delicious food, just eat it yourself.
Sometimes there are unexpected surprises, some foods that the patient did not like to eat before, after the disease he is willing to eat, so try more.
However, no matter how much the patient likes a certain food, do not give it to him every day, otherwise it will not be worthwhile to get tired of eating.
Communicate with the patient often, ask him to tell you frankly what he likes to eat and what he does not like to eat, do not be embarrassed, otherwise cooked out do not want to eat but have to force to eat even worse.
Disclaimer
Copyright Statement: Some information is taken from Hong Kong Anti-Cancer Society
Due to limitations, please visit the Hong Kong Anti-Cancer Society's website on Diet and Cancer for other recipes.
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