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南瓜品種

這個名詞通常指圓形、橘色的南瓜品種,但並沒有科學定義

「南瓜」(pumpkin)一詞被認為起源於北美新英格蘭地區,源自於表示甜瓜的單字,或當地表示圓形的詞語。該詞有時與“南瓜”(squash)或“冬南瓜”(winter squash)互換使用,常用於指代銀籽南瓜(Cucurbita argyrosperma ) 、黑籽南瓜(Cucurbita ficifolia)、大南瓜(Cucurbita maxima ) 、墨西哥等南瓜(Cubitan 栽培南瓜(Cubita)、一些墨西哥)。

如何選擇合適的南瓜

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如何選擇合適的南瓜?

南瓜其他食材

南瓜種類

冬季吃南瓜

南瓜和番茄一樣,是水果的一種。所有的南瓜都屬於倭瓜(squash)家族,南瓜一般讓人聯想到雕成南瓜燈或變成灰姑娘馬車的大南瓜,但實際上,所有硬皮倭瓜類都可稱為南瓜。

 

揀選南瓜,基本原則是體積越大,越沒有味道,大型南瓜更適合用來進行南瓜雕刻。小型南瓜更容易烹製,味道也更香。

 

假如南瓜外皮黯淡,不需擔心,只要沒有看到任何大黑點或變軟的部分,一般都沒問題。南瓜適合長時間存放,在涼爽的室溫裡可存放好幾個月。

 

冬季是吃南瓜的季節,我們整理出一個小小的指南,幫助你買到最合心意的南瓜。


ImageNameSpeciesOriginDescription
Al Hachi 阿爾哈奇Cucurbita moschataKashmirThe people of Kashmir dry Al Hachi pumpkins to eat in the winter, when snowfall can isolate the valley.
Big MaxCucurbita maximaUnited StatesBig Max can exceed 100 pounds (45 kg) and 20 in (510 mm) in diameter under ideal growing conditions. The variety was hybridized for its size during the early 1960s. Individual fruits are round to slightly flattened.
CalabazaCucurbita moschataCuba and West IndiesThe calabaza is a variety originating in Cuba and the West Indies. It is also cultivated in the Philippines and United States.
Cheese pumpkinCucurbita moschataNorth America, possibly from an origin in Central America[74]So-called for its resemblance to a wheel of cheese, this cultivar has been noted for its long storage ability as well as relatively poor culinary characteristics. One of Duchesne's 1786 botanical illustrations depicts a fruit that has been identified with the Cheese Pumpkin.
Connecticut field pumpkin 康乃狄克州田間南瓜Cucurbita pepoNorth America[13]Considered to be "one of the oldest pumpkins in existence". Widely used for autumn decorations, either whole or as jack-o'-lanterns.
Dickinson pumpkinCucurbita moschataNorth AmericaThe oblong, ribbed fruits weigh up to 40 pounds and are widely used for canning. Derived from the Kentucky field pumpkin by Elijah Dickinson when he moved to Illinois in 1835. Libby's Select is classified either as a selection from the Dickinson Pumpkin or a selection from the same parent lineage.
Dill's Atlantic GiantCucurbita maximaNorth AmericaDill's Atlantic Giant was bred by Howard Dill from sources including the Mammoth Pumpkin variety.[83][84] The variety were patented in 1979, who then went on to set the giant pumpkin in 1980 with a 459 lb (208 kg) record.
Galeux d'EysinesCucurbita maximaFranceThe Galeux d'Eysines is mentioned in the Vilmorin-Andrieux vegetable catalogue Les Plantes Potagères in 1883. It is noted for peanut-sized growths on its skin, caused by a buildup of sugar. Its name may have originally been Brodé galeux d'Eysines, translating to embroidered with scabs, from Eysines. Immature pumpkins can be etched with words or designs that become warts as it matures. Galeux d'Eysines was reportedly brought to the United States in 1996 from the Foire aux Potirons pumpkin festival in Tranzault, France, by author Amy Goldman.
Japanese pie pumpkinCucurbita argyrospermaPennsylvaniaThe Japanese pie pumpkin is so-called because its seeds become crazed, resembling to Americans the appearance of Chinese characters or Japanese kanji. This variety was introduced by Samuel Wilson of Pennsylvania in 1884.
Jarrahdale pumpkinCucurbita maximaAustraliaA variety with a blue-gray skin, named after the Western Australian town of Jarrahdale. The Jarrahdale closely resembles the Queensland Blue. It cuts easily, and has orange, sweet-tasting flesh.
Jonathan pumpkin[13][90]Cucurbita argyrospermaAvailable commercially as early as 1891 from Livingston Seed. The name Jonathan may originate as a form of melioration against the character of Brother Jonathan which was sometimes used as mocking personification of the United States by satirists in Europe. Brother Jonathan was also used within the United States either as characterizing the epitome of thrift and industriousness, or an unsophisticated bumpkin.
Kabocha 日本南瓜 (栗子南瓜)Cucurbita maximaJapanKabocha is the general Japanese word for winter squashes. In English, the term "kabocha" is usually used for a green-skinned cultivar derived from buttercup squash.
Kentucky field pumpkinCucurbita moschataCubaMexico, or the United StatesKentucky field pumpkin is among the pumpkin cultivars grown specifically for jack-o-lantern carving. It has been classified as part of a group of Cucurbita moschata cultivars historically grown by the Seminole 塞米諾爾南瓜 people of the United States southeast, as well as by farmers in LouisianaAlabama, and Mississippi. Similar cultivars were identified in Cuba as well as coastal and southern Mexico.
Musquée de Provence, Moscata di Provenza or fairytale pumpkinCucurbita moschataFranceA large pumpkin from France with sweet, fragrant, deep-orange flesh often sold by the slice due to its size.
Seminole pumpkinCucurbita moschataFloridaA landrace originally cultivated by the Seminole people of what is now Florida. Naturalists in the 18th century recorded Seminole pumpkins growing with their vines hanging from trees.
Styrian pumpkin 史蒂利亞南瓜Cucurbita pepoStyriaStyrian pumpkins (Cucurbita pepo subsp. pepo var. styriaca or var. oleifera) have hull-less seeds, which are used in Austria and Slovenia as part of a pumpkin seed oil industry that presses their roasted seeds.[99][100]
Sugar pumpkin 糖南瓜Cucurbita pepoNorth AmericaThe sugar pumpkin is one of the earliest varieties of pumpkin documented by European colonists upon arrival in North America. It has sweeter flesh than the similar but larger Connecticut Field pumpkin from which sugar pumpkins may have been selected.